Type Alias devices::virtio::console::control::ControlMsgBytes

pub type ControlMsgBytes = Box<[u8]>;

Aliased Type

struct ControlMsgBytes(Unique<[u8]>, Global);

Fields

0: Unique<[u8]>

1: Global

Implementations

impl<T> Box<T>

pub fn new(x: T) -> Box<T>

Allocates memory on the heap and then places x into it.

This doesn’t actually allocate if T is zero-sized.

Examples

let five = Box::new(5);

pub fn new_uninit() -> Box<MaybeUninit<T>>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (new_uninit)

Constructs a new box with uninitialized contents.

Examples

#![feature(new_uninit)]

let mut five = Box::<u32>::new_uninit();

let five = unsafe {
    // Deferred initialization:
    five.as_mut_ptr().write(5);

    five.assume_init()
};

assert_eq!(*five, 5)

pub fn new_zeroed() -> Box<MaybeUninit<T>>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (new_uninit)

Constructs a new Box with uninitialized contents, with the memory being filled with 0 bytes.

See MaybeUninit::zeroed for examples of correct and incorrect usage of this method.

Examples

#![feature(new_uninit)]

let zero = Box::<u32>::new_zeroed();
let zero = unsafe { zero.assume_init() };

assert_eq!(*zero, 0)

pub fn pin(x: T) -> Pin<Box<T>>

Constructs a new Pin<Box<T>>. If T does not implement Unpin, then x will be pinned in memory and unable to be moved.

Constructing and pinning of the Box can also be done in two steps: Box::pin(x) does the same as Box::into_pin(Box::new(x)). Consider using into_pin if you already have a Box<T>, or if you want to construct a (pinned) Box in a different way than with Box::new.

pub fn try_new(x: T) -> Result<Box<T>, AllocError>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (allocator_api)

Allocates memory on the heap then places x into it, returning an error if the allocation fails

This doesn’t actually allocate if T is zero-sized.

Examples

#![feature(allocator_api)]

let five = Box::try_new(5)?;

pub fn try_new_uninit() -> Result<Box<MaybeUninit<T>>, AllocError>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (allocator_api)

Constructs a new box with uninitialized contents on the heap, returning an error if the allocation fails

Examples

#![feature(allocator_api, new_uninit)]

let mut five = Box::<u32>::try_new_uninit()?;

let five = unsafe {
    // Deferred initialization:
    five.as_mut_ptr().write(5);

    five.assume_init()
};

assert_eq!(*five, 5);

pub fn try_new_zeroed() -> Result<Box<MaybeUninit<T>>, AllocError>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (allocator_api)

Constructs a new Box with uninitialized contents, with the memory being filled with 0 bytes on the heap

See MaybeUninit::zeroed for examples of correct and incorrect usage of this method.

Examples

#![feature(allocator_api, new_uninit)]

let zero = Box::<u32>::try_new_zeroed()?;
let zero = unsafe { zero.assume_init() };

assert_eq!(*zero, 0);

impl<T, A> Box<T, A>

where A: Allocator,

pub fn new_in(x: T, alloc: A) -> Box<T, A>

where A: Allocator,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (allocator_api)

Allocates memory in the given allocator then places x into it.

This doesn’t actually allocate if T is zero-sized.

Examples

#![feature(allocator_api)]

use std::alloc::System;

let five = Box::new_in(5, System);

pub fn try_new_in(x: T, alloc: A) -> Result<Box<T, A>, AllocError>

where A: Allocator,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (allocator_api)

Allocates memory in the given allocator then places x into it, returning an error if the allocation fails

This doesn’t actually allocate if T is zero-sized.

Examples

#![feature(allocator_api)]

use std::alloc::System;

let five = Box::try_new_in(5, System)?;

pub fn new_uninit_in(alloc: A) -> Box<MaybeUninit<T>, A>

where A: Allocator,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (allocator_api)

Constructs a new box with uninitialized contents in the provided allocator.

Examples

#![feature(allocator_api, new_uninit)]

use std::alloc::System;

let mut five = Box::<u32, _>::new_uninit_in(System);

let five = unsafe {
    // Deferred initialization:
    five.as_mut_ptr().write(5);

    five.assume_init()
};

assert_eq!(*five, 5)

pub fn try_new_uninit_in(alloc: A) -> Result<Box<MaybeUninit<T>, A>, AllocError>

where A: Allocator,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (allocator_api)

Constructs a new box with uninitialized contents in the provided allocator, returning an error if the allocation fails

Examples

#![feature(allocator_api, new_uninit)]

use std::alloc::System;

let mut five = Box::<u32, _>::try_new_uninit_in(System)?;

let five = unsafe {
    // Deferred initialization:
    five.as_mut_ptr().write(5);

    five.assume_init()
};

assert_eq!(*five, 5);

pub fn new_zeroed_in(alloc: A) -> Box<MaybeUninit<T>, A>

where A: Allocator,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (allocator_api)

Constructs a new Box with uninitialized contents, with the memory being filled with 0 bytes in the provided allocator.

See MaybeUninit::zeroed for examples of correct and incorrect usage of this method.

Examples

#![feature(allocator_api, new_uninit)]

use std::alloc::System;

let zero = Box::<u32, _>::new_zeroed_in(System);
let zero = unsafe { zero.assume_init() };

assert_eq!(*zero, 0)

pub fn try_new_zeroed_in(alloc: A) -> Result<Box<MaybeUninit<T>, A>, AllocError>

where A: Allocator,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (allocator_api)

Constructs a new Box with uninitialized contents, with the memory being filled with 0 bytes in the provided allocator, returning an error if the allocation fails,

See MaybeUninit::zeroed for examples of correct and incorrect usage of this method.

Examples

#![feature(allocator_api, new_uninit)]

use std::alloc::System;

let zero = Box::<u32, _>::try_new_zeroed_in(System)?;
let zero = unsafe { zero.assume_init() };

assert_eq!(*zero, 0);

pub fn pin_in(x: T, alloc: A) -> Pin<Box<T, A>>

where A: 'static + Allocator,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (allocator_api)

Constructs a new Pin<Box<T, A>>. If T does not implement Unpin, then x will be pinned in memory and unable to be moved.

Constructing and pinning of the Box can also be done in two steps: Box::pin_in(x, alloc) does the same as Box::into_pin(Box::new_in(x, alloc)). Consider using into_pin if you already have a Box<T, A>, or if you want to construct a (pinned) Box in a different way than with Box::new_in.

pub fn into_boxed_slice(boxed: Box<T, A>) -> Box<[T], A>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (box_into_boxed_slice)

Converts a Box<T> into a Box<[T]>

This conversion does not allocate on the heap and happens in place.

pub fn into_inner(boxed: Box<T, A>) -> T

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (box_into_inner)

Consumes the Box, returning the wrapped value.

Examples

#![feature(box_into_inner)]

let c = Box::new(5);

assert_eq!(Box::into_inner(c), 5);

impl<T> Box<[T]>

pub fn new_uninit_slice(len: usize) -> Box<[MaybeUninit<T>]>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (new_uninit)

Constructs a new boxed slice with uninitialized contents.

Examples

#![feature(new_uninit)]

let mut values = Box::<[u32]>::new_uninit_slice(3);

let values = unsafe {
    // Deferred initialization:
    values[0].as_mut_ptr().write(1);
    values[1].as_mut_ptr().write(2);
    values[2].as_mut_ptr().write(3);

    values.assume_init()
};

assert_eq!(*values, [1, 2, 3])

pub fn new_zeroed_slice(len: usize) -> Box<[MaybeUninit<T>]>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (new_uninit)

Constructs a new boxed slice with uninitialized contents, with the memory being filled with 0 bytes.

See MaybeUninit::zeroed for examples of correct and incorrect usage of this method.

Examples

#![feature(new_uninit)]

let values = Box::<[u32]>::new_zeroed_slice(3);
let values = unsafe { values.assume_init() };

assert_eq!(*values, [0, 0, 0])

pub fn try_new_uninit_slice( len: usize ) -> Result<Box<[MaybeUninit<T>]>, AllocError>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (allocator_api)

Constructs a new boxed slice with uninitialized contents. Returns an error if the allocation fails

Examples

#![feature(allocator_api, new_uninit)]

let mut values = Box::<[u32]>::try_new_uninit_slice(3)?;
let values = unsafe {
    // Deferred initialization:
    values[0].as_mut_ptr().write(1);
    values[1].as_mut_ptr().write(2);
    values[2].as_mut_ptr().write(3);
    values.assume_init()
};

assert_eq!(*values, [1, 2, 3]);

pub fn try_new_zeroed_slice( len: usize ) -> Result<Box<[MaybeUninit<T>]>, AllocError>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (allocator_api)

Constructs a new boxed slice with uninitialized contents, with the memory being filled with 0 bytes. Returns an error if the allocation fails

See MaybeUninit::zeroed for examples of correct and incorrect usage of this method.

Examples

#![feature(allocator_api, new_uninit)]

let values = Box::<[u32]>::try_new_zeroed_slice(3)?;
let values = unsafe { values.assume_init() };

assert_eq!(*values, [0, 0, 0]);

impl<T, A> Box<[T], A>

where A: Allocator,

pub fn new_uninit_slice_in(len: usize, alloc: A) -> Box<[MaybeUninit<T>], A>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (allocator_api)

Constructs a new boxed slice with uninitialized contents in the provided allocator.

Examples

#![feature(allocator_api, new_uninit)]

use std::alloc::System;

let mut values = Box::<[u32], _>::new_uninit_slice_in(3, System);

let values = unsafe {
    // Deferred initialization:
    values[0].as_mut_ptr().write(1);
    values[1].as_mut_ptr().write(2);
    values[2].as_mut_ptr().write(3);

    values.assume_init()
};

assert_eq!(*values, [1, 2, 3])

pub fn new_zeroed_slice_in(len: usize, alloc: A) -> Box<[MaybeUninit<T>], A>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (allocator_api)

Constructs a new boxed slice with uninitialized contents in the provided allocator, with the memory being filled with 0 bytes.

See MaybeUninit::zeroed for examples of correct and incorrect usage of this method.

Examples

#![feature(allocator_api, new_uninit)]

use std::alloc::System;

let values = Box::<[u32], _>::new_zeroed_slice_in(3, System);
let values = unsafe { values.assume_init() };

assert_eq!(*values, [0, 0, 0])

impl<T> Box<T>

where T: ?Sized,

pub unsafe fn from_raw(raw: *mut T) -> Box<T>

Constructs a box from a raw pointer.

After calling this function, the raw pointer is owned by the resulting Box. Specifically, the Box destructor will call the destructor of T and free the allocated memory. For this to be safe, the memory must have been allocated in accordance with the memory layout used by Box .

Safety

This function is unsafe because improper use may lead to memory problems. For example, a double-free may occur if the function is called twice on the same raw pointer.

The safety conditions are described in the memory layout section.

Examples

Recreate a Box which was previously converted to a raw pointer using Box::into_raw:

let x = Box::new(5);
let ptr = Box::into_raw(x);
let x = unsafe { Box::from_raw(ptr) };

Manually create a Box from scratch by using the global allocator:

use std::alloc::{alloc, Layout};

unsafe {
    let ptr = alloc(Layout::new::<i32>()) as *mut i32;
    // In general .write is required to avoid attempting to destruct
    // the (uninitialized) previous contents of `ptr`, though for this
    // simple example `*ptr = 5` would have worked as well.
    ptr.write(5);
    let x = Box::from_raw(ptr);
}

impl<T, A> Box<T, A>

where A: Allocator, T: ?Sized,

pub unsafe fn from_raw_in(raw: *mut T, alloc: A) -> Box<T, A>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (allocator_api)

Constructs a box from a raw pointer in the given allocator.

After calling this function, the raw pointer is owned by the resulting Box. Specifically, the Box destructor will call the destructor of T and free the allocated memory. For this to be safe, the memory must have been allocated in accordance with the memory layout used by Box .

Safety

This function is unsafe because improper use may lead to memory problems. For example, a double-free may occur if the function is called twice on the same raw pointer.

Examples

Recreate a Box which was previously converted to a raw pointer using Box::into_raw_with_allocator:

#![feature(allocator_api)]

use std::alloc::System;

let x = Box::new_in(5, System);
let (ptr, alloc) = Box::into_raw_with_allocator(x);
let x = unsafe { Box::from_raw_in(ptr, alloc) };

Manually create a Box from scratch by using the system allocator:

#![feature(allocator_api, slice_ptr_get)]

use std::alloc::{Allocator, Layout, System};

unsafe {
    let ptr = System.allocate(Layout::new::<i32>())?.as_mut_ptr() as *mut i32;
    // In general .write is required to avoid attempting to destruct
    // the (uninitialized) previous contents of `ptr`, though for this
    // simple example `*ptr = 5` would have worked as well.
    ptr.write(5);
    let x = Box::from_raw_in(ptr, System);
}

pub fn into_raw(b: Box<T, A>) -> *mut T

Consumes the Box, returning a wrapped raw pointer.

The pointer will be properly aligned and non-null.

After calling this function, the caller is responsible for the memory previously managed by the Box. In particular, the caller should properly destroy T and release the memory, taking into account the memory layout used by Box. The easiest way to do this is to convert the raw pointer back into a Box with the Box::from_raw function, allowing the Box destructor to perform the cleanup.

Note: this is an associated function, which means that you have to call it as Box::into_raw(b) instead of b.into_raw(). This is so that there is no conflict with a method on the inner type.

Examples

Converting the raw pointer back into a Box with Box::from_raw for automatic cleanup:

let x = Box::new(String::from("Hello"));
let ptr = Box::into_raw(x);
let x = unsafe { Box::from_raw(ptr) };

Manual cleanup by explicitly running the destructor and deallocating the memory:

use std::alloc::{dealloc, Layout};
use std::ptr;

let x = Box::new(String::from("Hello"));
let ptr = Box::into_raw(x);
unsafe {
    ptr::drop_in_place(ptr);
    dealloc(ptr as *mut u8, Layout::new::<String>());
}

Note: This is equivalent to the following:

let x = Box::new(String::from("Hello"));
let ptr = Box::into_raw(x);
unsafe {
    drop(Box::from_raw(ptr));
}

pub fn into_raw_with_allocator(b: Box<T, A>) -> (*mut T, A)

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (allocator_api)

Consumes the Box, returning a wrapped raw pointer and the allocator.

The pointer will be properly aligned and non-null.

After calling this function, the caller is responsible for the memory previously managed by the Box. In particular, the caller should properly destroy T and release the memory, taking into account the memory layout used by Box. The easiest way to do this is to convert the raw pointer back into a Box with the Box::from_raw_in function, allowing the Box destructor to perform the cleanup.

Note: this is an associated function, which means that you have to call it as Box::into_raw_with_allocator(b) instead of b.into_raw_with_allocator(). This is so that there is no conflict with a method on the inner type.

Examples

Converting the raw pointer back into a Box with Box::from_raw_in for automatic cleanup:

#![feature(allocator_api)]

use std::alloc::System;

let x = Box::new_in(String::from("Hello"), System);
let (ptr, alloc) = Box::into_raw_with_allocator(x);
let x = unsafe { Box::from_raw_in(ptr, alloc) };

Manual cleanup by explicitly running the destructor and deallocating the memory:

#![feature(allocator_api)]

use std::alloc::{Allocator, Layout, System};
use std::ptr::{self, NonNull};

let x = Box::new_in(String::from("Hello"), System);
let (ptr, alloc) = Box::into_raw_with_allocator(x);
unsafe {
    ptr::drop_in_place(ptr);
    let non_null = NonNull::new_unchecked(ptr);
    alloc.deallocate(non_null.cast(), Layout::new::<String>());
}

pub fn allocator(b: &Box<T, A>) -> &A

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (allocator_api)

Returns a reference to the underlying allocator.

Note: this is an associated function, which means that you have to call it as Box::allocator(&b) instead of b.allocator(). This is so that there is no conflict with a method on the inner type.

pub fn leak<'a>(b: Box<T, A>) -> &'a mut T

where A: 'a,

Consumes and leaks the Box, returning a mutable reference, &'a mut T. Note that the type T must outlive the chosen lifetime 'a. If the type has only static references, or none at all, then this may be chosen to be 'static.

This function is mainly useful for data that lives for the remainder of the program’s life. Dropping the returned reference will cause a memory leak. If this is not acceptable, the reference should first be wrapped with the Box::from_raw function producing a Box. This Box can then be dropped which will properly destroy T and release the allocated memory.

Note: this is an associated function, which means that you have to call it as Box::leak(b) instead of b.leak(). This is so that there is no conflict with a method on the inner type.

Examples

Simple usage:

let x = Box::new(41);
let static_ref: &'static mut usize = Box::leak(x);
*static_ref += 1;
assert_eq!(*static_ref, 42);

Unsized data:

let x = vec![1, 2, 3].into_boxed_slice();
let static_ref = Box::leak(x);
static_ref[0] = 4;
assert_eq!(*static_ref, [4, 2, 3]);

pub fn into_pin(boxed: Box<T, A>) -> Pin<Box<T, A>>

where A: 'static,

Converts a Box<T> into a Pin<Box<T>>. If T does not implement Unpin, then *boxed will be pinned in memory and unable to be moved.

This conversion does not allocate on the heap and happens in place.

This is also available via From.

Constructing and pinning a Box with Box::into_pin(Box::new(x)) can also be written more concisely using Box::pin(x). This into_pin method is useful if you already have a Box<T>, or you are constructing a (pinned) Box in a different way than with Box::new.

Notes

It’s not recommended that crates add an impl like From<Box<T>> for Pin<T>, as it’ll introduce an ambiguity when calling Pin::from. A demonstration of such a poor impl is shown below.

struct Foo; // A type defined in this crate.
impl From<Box<()>> for Pin<Foo> {
    fn from(_: Box<()>) -> Pin<Foo> {
        Pin::new(Foo)
    }
}

let foo = Box::new(());
let bar = Pin::from(foo);

Trait Implementations

impl<S> Seek for Box<S>

where S: Seek + ?Sized,

fn seek(&mut self, pos: SeekFrom) -> Result<u64, Error>

Seek to an offset, in bytes, in a stream.

fn stream_position(&mut self) -> Result<u64, Error>

Returns the current seek position from the start of the stream.

fn rewind(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error>

Rewind to the beginning of a stream.

fn stream_len(&mut self) -> Result<u64, Error>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (seek_stream_len)

Returns the length of this stream (in bytes).

fn seek_relative(&mut self, offset: i64) -> Result<(), Error>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (seek_seek_relative)

Seeks relative to the current position.

impl<W> Write for Box<W>

where W: Write + ?Sized,

fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<usize, Error>

Write a buffer into this writer, returning how many bytes were written.

fn write_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &[IoSlice<'_>]) -> Result<usize, Error>

Like write, except that it writes from a slice of buffers.

fn is_write_vectored(&self) -> bool

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (can_vector)

Determines if this Writer has an efficient write_vectored implementation.

fn flush(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error>

Flush this output stream, ensuring that all intermediately buffered contents reach their destination.

fn write_all(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error>

Attempts to write an entire buffer into this writer.

fn write_fmt(&mut self, fmt: Arguments<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Writes a formatted string into this writer, returning any error encountered.

fn write_all_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &mut [IoSlice<'_>]) -> Result<(), Error>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (write_all_vectored)

Attempts to write multiple buffers into this writer.

fn by_ref(&mut self) -> &mut Self

where Self: Sized,

Creates a “by reference” adapter for this instance of Write.

impl<T> AsFd for Box<T>

where T: AsFd,

fn as_fd(&self) -> BorrowedFd<'_>

Borrows the file descriptor.

impl<B> BufRead for Box<B>

where B: BufRead + ?Sized,

fn fill_buf(&mut self) -> Result<&[u8], Error>

Returns the contents of the internal buffer, filling it with more data from the inner reader if it is empty.

fn consume(&mut self, amt: usize)

Tells this buffer that amt bytes have been consumed from the buffer, so they should no longer be returned in calls to read.

fn read_until(&mut self, byte: u8, buf: &mut Vec<u8>) -> Result<usize, Error>

Read all bytes into buf until the delimiter byte or EOF is reached.

fn read_line(&mut self, buf: &mut String) -> Result<usize, Error>

Read all bytes until a newline (the 0xA byte) is reached, and append them to the provided String buffer.

fn has_data_left(&mut self) -> Result<bool, Error>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (buf_read_has_data_left)

Check if the underlying Read has any data left to be read.

fn skip_until(&mut self, byte: u8) -> Result<usize, Error>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (bufread_skip_until)

Skip all bytes until the delimiter byte or EOF is reached.

fn split(self, byte: u8) -> Split<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Returns an iterator over the contents of this reader split on the byte byte.

fn lines(self) -> Lines<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Returns an iterator over the lines of this reader.

impl<R> Read for Box<R>

where R: Read + ?Sized,

fn read(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<usize, Error>

Pull some bytes from this source into the specified buffer, returning how many bytes were read.

fn read_buf(&mut self, cursor: BorrowedCursor<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (read_buf)

Pull some bytes from this source into the specified buffer.

fn read_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &mut [IoSliceMut<'_>]) -> Result<usize, Error>

Like read, except that it reads into a slice of buffers.

fn is_read_vectored(&self) -> bool

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (can_vector)

Determines if this Reader has an efficient read_vectored implementation.

fn read_to_end(&mut self, buf: &mut Vec<u8>) -> Result<usize, Error>

Read all bytes until EOF in this source, placing them into buf.

fn read_to_string(&mut self, buf: &mut String) -> Result<usize, Error>

Read all bytes until EOF in this source, appending them to buf.

fn read_exact(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), Error>

Read the exact number of bytes required to fill buf.

fn read_buf_exact(&mut self, cursor: BorrowedCursor<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (read_buf)

Read the exact number of bytes required to fill cursor.

fn by_ref(&mut self) -> &mut Self

where Self: Sized,

Creates a “by reference” adaptor for this instance of Read.

fn bytes(self) -> Bytes<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Transforms this Read instance to an Iterator over its bytes.

fn chain<R>(self, next: R) -> Chain<Self, R>

where R: Read, Self: Sized,

Creates an adapter which will chain this stream with another.

fn take(self, limit: u64) -> Take<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Creates an adapter which will read at most limit bytes from it.

impl<T> AsRawFd for Box<T>

where T: AsRawFd,

fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> i32

Extracts the raw file descriptor.

impl<T, A> AsMut<T> for Box<T, A>

where A: Allocator, T: ?Sized,

fn as_mut(&mut self) -> &mut T

Converts this type into a mutable reference of the (usually inferred) input type.

impl<T, A> Clone for Box<T, A>

where T: Clone, A: Allocator + Clone,

fn clone(&self) -> Box<T, A>

Returns a new box with a clone() of this box’s contents.

Examples

let x = Box::new(5);
let y = x.clone();

// The value is the same
assert_eq!(x, y);

// But they are unique objects
assert_ne!(&*x as *const i32, &*y as *const i32);

fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Box<T, A>)

Copies source’s contents into self without creating a new allocation.

Examples

let x = Box::new(5);
let mut y = Box::new(10);
let yp: *const i32 = &*y;

y.clone_from(&x);

// The value is the same
assert_eq!(x, y);

// And no allocation occurred
assert_eq!(yp, &*y);

impl<T, A> Clone for Box<[T], A>

where T: Clone, A: Allocator + Clone,

fn clone(&self) -> Box<[T], A>

Returns a copy of the value.

fn clone_from(&mut self, other: &Box<[T], A>)

Performs copy-assignment from source.

impl<T, A> Unpin for Box<T, A>

where A: Allocator + 'static, T: ?Sized,

impl<Args, F, A> FnMut<Args> for Box<F, A>

where Args: Tuple, F: FnMut<Args> + ?Sized, A: Allocator,

extern "rust-call" fn call_mut( &mut self, args: Args ) -> <Box<F, A> as FnOnce<Args>>::Output

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (fn_traits)

Performs the call operation.

impl<T, A> Ord for Box<T, A>

where T: Ord + ?Sized, A: Allocator,

fn cmp(&self, other: &Box<T, A>) -> Ordering

This method returns an Ordering between self and other.

fn max(self, other: Self) -> Self

where Self: Sized,

Compares and returns the maximum of two values.

fn min(self, other: Self) -> Self

where Self: Sized,

Compares and returns the minimum of two values.

fn clamp(self, min: Self, max: Self) -> Self

where Self: Sized + PartialOrd,

Restrict a value to a certain interval.

impl<G, R, A> Coroutine<R> for Box<G, A>

where G: Coroutine<R> + Unpin + ?Sized, A: Allocator + 'static,

type Yield = <G as Coroutine<R>>::Yield

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (coroutine_trait)

The type of value this coroutine yields.

type Return = <G as Coroutine<R>>::Return

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (coroutine_trait)

The type of value this coroutine returns.

fn resume( self: Pin<&mut Box<G, A>>, arg: R ) -> CoroutineState<<Box<G, A> as Coroutine<R>>::Yield, <Box<G, A> as Coroutine<R>>::Return>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (coroutine_trait)

Resumes the execution of this coroutine.

impl<I, A> DoubleEndedIterator for Box<I, A>

where I: DoubleEndedIterator + ?Sized, A: Allocator,

fn next_back(&mut self) -> Option<<I as Iterator>::Item>

Removes and returns an element from the end of the iterator.

fn nth_back(&mut self, n: usize) -> Option<<I as Iterator>::Item>

Returns the nth element from the end of the iterator.

fn advance_back_by(&mut self, n: usize) -> Result<(), NonZero<usize>>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (iter_advance_by)

Advances the iterator from the back by n elements.

fn try_rfold<B, F, R>(&mut self, init: B, f: F) -> R

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(B, Self::Item) -> R, R: Try<Output = B>,

This is the reverse version of Iterator::try_fold(): it takes elements starting from the back of the iterator.

fn rfold<B, F>(self, init: B, f: F) -> B

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(B, Self::Item) -> B,

An iterator method that reduces the iterator’s elements to a single, final value, starting from the back.

fn rfind<P>(&mut self, predicate: P) -> Option<Self::Item>

where Self: Sized, P: FnMut(&Self::Item) -> bool,

Searches for an element of an iterator from the back that satisfies a predicate.

impl<S> AsyncIterator for Box<S>

where S: AsyncIterator + Unpin + ?Sized,

type Item = <S as AsyncIterator>::Item

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (async_iterator)

The type of items yielded by the async iterator.

fn poll_next( self: Pin<&mut Box<S>>, cx: &mut Context<'_> ) -> Poll<Option<<Box<S> as AsyncIterator>::Item>>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (async_iterator)

Attempt to pull out the next value of this async iterator, registering the current task for wakeup if the value is not yet available, and returning None if the async iterator is exhausted.

fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>)

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (async_iterator)

Returns the bounds on the remaining length of the async iterator.

impl<T, A> Drop for Box<T, A>

where A: Allocator, T: ?Sized,

fn drop(&mut self)

Executes the destructor for this type.

impl<I, A> FusedIterator for Box<I, A>

where I: FusedIterator + ?Sized, A: Allocator,

impl<I> FromIterator<I> for Box<[I]>

fn from_iter<T>(iter: T) -> Box<[I]>

where T: IntoIterator<Item = I>,

Creates a value from an iterator.

impl<T, A> Debug for Box<T, A>

where T: Debug + ?Sized, A: Allocator,

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl<T, A> PartialOrd for Box<T, A>

where T: PartialOrd + ?Sized, A: Allocator,

fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Box<T, A>) -> Option<Ordering>

This method returns an ordering between self and other values if one exists.

fn lt(&self, other: &Box<T, A>) -> bool

This method tests less than (for self and other) and is used by the < operator.

fn le(&self, other: &Box<T, A>) -> bool

This method tests less than or equal to (for self and other) and is used by the <= operator.

fn ge(&self, other: &Box<T, A>) -> bool

This method tests greater than or equal to (for self and other) and is used by the >= operator.

fn gt(&self, other: &Box<T, A>) -> bool

This method tests greater than (for self and other) and is used by the > operator.

impl<T> Error for Box<T>

where T: Error,

fn description(&self) -> &str

👎Deprecated since 1.42.0: use the Display impl or to_string()

fn cause(&self) -> Option<&dyn Error>

👎Deprecated since 1.33.0: replaced by Error::source, which can support downcasting

fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn Error + 'static)>

The lower-level source of this error, if any.

fn provide<'b>(&'b self, request: &mut Request<'b>)

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (error_generic_member_access)

Provides type based access to context intended for error reports.

impl<T, const N: usize> From<[T; N]> for Box<[T]>

fn from(array: [T; N]) -> Box<[T]>

Converts a [T; N] into a Box<[T]>

This conversion moves the array to newly heap-allocated memory.

Examples

let boxed: Box<[u8]> = Box::from([4, 2]);
println!("{boxed:?}");

impl<T> From<&[T]> for Box<[T]>

where T: Clone,

fn from(slice: &[T]) -> Box<[T]>

Converts a &[T] into a Box<[T]>

This conversion allocates on the heap and performs a copy of slice and its contents.

Examples

// create a &[u8] which will be used to create a Box<[u8]>
let slice: &[u8] = &[104, 101, 108, 108, 111];
let boxed_slice: Box<[u8]> = Box::from(slice);

println!("{boxed_slice:?}");

impl<T, A> From<Vec<T, A>> for Box<[T], A>

where A: Allocator,

fn from(v: Vec<T, A>) -> Box<[T], A>

Convert a vector into a boxed slice.

Before doing the conversion, this method discards excess capacity like Vec::shrink_to_fit.

Examples

assert_eq!(Box::from(vec![1, 2, 3]), vec![1, 2, 3].into_boxed_slice());

Any excess capacity is removed:

let mut vec = Vec::with_capacity(10);
vec.extend([1, 2, 3]);

assert_eq!(Box::from(vec), vec![1, 2, 3].into_boxed_slice());

impl<T> From<T> for Box<T>

fn from(t: T) -> Box<T>

Converts a T into a Box<T>

The conversion allocates on the heap and moves t from the stack into it.

Examples

let x = 5;
let boxed = Box::new(5);

assert_eq!(Box::from(x), boxed);

impl<T> From<Cow<'_, [T]>> for Box<[T]>

where T: Clone,

fn from(cow: Cow<'_, [T]>) -> Box<[T]>

Converts a Cow<'_, [T]> into a Box<[T]>

When cow is the Cow::Borrowed variant, this conversion allocates on the heap and copies the underlying slice. Otherwise, it will try to reuse the owned Vec’s allocation.

impl<A> From<Box<str, A>> for Box<[u8], A>

where A: Allocator,

fn from(s: Box<str, A>) -> Box<[u8], A>

Converts a Box<str> into a Box<[u8]>

This conversion does not allocate on the heap and happens in place.

Examples

// create a Box<str> which will be used to create a Box<[u8]>
let boxed: Box<str> = Box::from("hello");
let boxed_str: Box<[u8]> = Box::from(boxed);

// create a &[u8] which will be used to create a Box<[u8]>
let slice: &[u8] = &[104, 101, 108, 108, 111];
let boxed_slice = Box::from(slice);

assert_eq!(boxed_slice, boxed_str);

impl<T, A> Deref for Box<T, A>

where A: Allocator, T: ?Sized,

type Target = T

The resulting type after dereferencing.

fn deref(&self) -> &T

Dereferences the value.

impl<T, A> Display for Box<T, A>

where T: Display + ?Sized, A: Allocator,

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl<T, A> Eq for Box<T, A>

where T: Eq + ?Sized, A: Allocator,

impl<T, A> BorrowMut<T> for Box<T, A>

where A: Allocator, T: ?Sized,

fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut T

Mutably borrows from an owned value.

impl<I, A> Iterator for Box<I, A>

where I: Iterator + ?Sized, A: Allocator,

type Item = <I as Iterator>::Item

The type of the elements being iterated over.

fn next(&mut self) -> Option<<I as Iterator>::Item>

Advances the iterator and returns the next value.

fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>)

Returns the bounds on the remaining length of the iterator.

fn nth(&mut self, n: usize) -> Option<<I as Iterator>::Item>

Returns the nth element of the iterator.

fn last(self) -> Option<<I as Iterator>::Item>

Consumes the iterator, returning the last element.

fn next_chunk<const N: usize>( &mut self ) -> Result<[Self::Item; N], IntoIter<Self::Item, N>>

where Self: Sized,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (iter_next_chunk)

Advances the iterator and returns an array containing the next N values.

fn count(self) -> usize

where Self: Sized,

Consumes the iterator, counting the number of iterations and returning it.

fn advance_by(&mut self, n: usize) -> Result<(), NonZero<usize>>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (iter_advance_by)

Advances the iterator by n elements.

fn step_by(self, step: usize) -> StepBy<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Creates an iterator starting at the same point, but stepping by the given amount at each iteration.

fn chain<U>(self, other: U) -> Chain<Self, <U as IntoIterator>::IntoIter>

where Self: Sized, U: IntoIterator<Item = Self::Item>,

Takes two iterators and creates a new iterator over both in sequence.

fn zip<U>(self, other: U) -> Zip<Self, <U as IntoIterator>::IntoIter>

where Self: Sized, U: IntoIterator,

‘Zips up’ two iterators into a single iterator of pairs.

fn intersperse_with<G>(self, separator: G) -> IntersperseWith<Self, G>

where Self: Sized, G: FnMut() -> Self::Item,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (iter_intersperse)

Creates a new iterator which places an item generated by separator between adjacent items of the original iterator.

fn map<B, F>(self, f: F) -> Map<Self, F>

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(Self::Item) -> B,

Takes a closure and creates an iterator which calls that closure on each element.

fn for_each<F>(self, f: F)

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(Self::Item),

Calls a closure on each element of an iterator.

fn filter<P>(self, predicate: P) -> Filter<Self, P>

where Self: Sized, P: FnMut(&Self::Item) -> bool,

Creates an iterator which uses a closure to determine if an element should be yielded.

fn filter_map<B, F>(self, f: F) -> FilterMap<Self, F>

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(Self::Item) -> Option<B>,

Creates an iterator that both filters and maps.

fn enumerate(self) -> Enumerate<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Creates an iterator which gives the current iteration count as well as the next value.

fn peekable(self) -> Peekable<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Creates an iterator which can use the peek and peek_mut methods to look at the next element of the iterator without consuming it. See their documentation for more information.

fn skip_while<P>(self, predicate: P) -> SkipWhile<Self, P>

where Self: Sized, P: FnMut(&Self::Item) -> bool,

Creates an iterator that skips elements based on a predicate.

fn take_while<P>(self, predicate: P) -> TakeWhile<Self, P>

where Self: Sized, P: FnMut(&Self::Item) -> bool,

Creates an iterator that yields elements based on a predicate.

fn map_while<B, P>(self, predicate: P) -> MapWhile<Self, P>

where Self: Sized, P: FnMut(Self::Item) -> Option<B>,

Creates an iterator that both yields elements based on a predicate and maps.

fn skip(self, n: usize) -> Skip<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Creates an iterator that skips the first n elements.

fn take(self, n: usize) -> Take<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Creates an iterator that yields the first n elements, or fewer if the underlying iterator ends sooner.

fn scan<St, B, F>(self, initial_state: St, f: F) -> Scan<Self, St, F>

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(&mut St, Self::Item) -> Option<B>,

An iterator adapter which, like fold, holds internal state, but unlike fold, produces a new iterator.

fn flat_map<U, F>(self, f: F) -> FlatMap<Self, U, F>

where Self: Sized, U: IntoIterator, F: FnMut(Self::Item) -> U,

Creates an iterator that works like map, but flattens nested structure.

fn map_windows<F, R, const N: usize>(self, f: F) -> MapWindows<Self, F, N>

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(&[Self::Item; N]) -> R,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (iter_map_windows)

Calls the given function f for each contiguous window of size N over self and returns an iterator over the outputs of f. Like slice::windows(), the windows during mapping overlap as well.

fn fuse(self) -> Fuse<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Creates an iterator which ends after the first None.

fn inspect<F>(self, f: F) -> Inspect<Self, F>

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(&Self::Item),

Does something with each element of an iterator, passing the value on.

fn by_ref(&mut self) -> &mut Self

where Self: Sized,

Borrows an iterator, rather than consuming it.

fn collect<B>(self) -> B

where B: FromIterator<Self::Item>, Self: Sized,

Transforms an iterator into a collection.

fn collect_into<E>(self, collection: &mut E) -> &mut E

where E: Extend<Self::Item>, Self: Sized,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (iter_collect_into)

Collects all the items from an iterator into a collection.

fn partition<B, F>(self, f: F) -> (B, B)

where Self: Sized, B: Default + Extend<Self::Item>, F: FnMut(&Self::Item) -> bool,

Consumes an iterator, creating two collections from it.

fn is_partitioned<P>(self, predicate: P) -> bool

where Self: Sized, P: FnMut(Self::Item) -> bool,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (iter_is_partitioned)

Checks if the elements of this iterator are partitioned according to the given predicate, such that all those that return true precede all those that return false.

fn try_fold<B, F, R>(&mut self, init: B, f: F) -> R

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(B, Self::Item) -> R, R: Try<Output = B>,

An iterator method that applies a function as long as it returns successfully, producing a single, final value.

fn try_for_each<F, R>(&mut self, f: F) -> R

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(Self::Item) -> R, R: Try<Output = ()>,

An iterator method that applies a fallible function to each item in the iterator, stopping at the first error and returning that error.

fn fold<B, F>(self, init: B, f: F) -> B

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(B, Self::Item) -> B,

Folds every element into an accumulator by applying an operation, returning the final result.

fn reduce<F>(self, f: F) -> Option<Self::Item>

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(Self::Item, Self::Item) -> Self::Item,

Reduces the elements to a single one, by repeatedly applying a reducing operation.

fn try_reduce<F, R>( &mut self, f: F ) -> <<R as Try>::Residual as Residual<Option<<R as Try>::Output>>>::TryType

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(Self::Item, Self::Item) -> R, R: Try<Output = Self::Item>, <R as Try>::Residual: Residual<Option<Self::Item>>,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (iterator_try_reduce)

Reduces the elements to a single one by repeatedly applying a reducing operation. If the closure returns a failure, the failure is propagated back to the caller immediately.

fn all<F>(&mut self, f: F) -> bool

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(Self::Item) -> bool,

Tests if every element of the iterator matches a predicate.

fn any<F>(&mut self, f: F) -> bool

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(Self::Item) -> bool,

Tests if any element of the iterator matches a predicate.

fn find<P>(&mut self, predicate: P) -> Option<Self::Item>

where Self: Sized, P: FnMut(&Self::Item) -> bool,

Searches for an element of an iterator that satisfies a predicate.

fn find_map<B, F>(&mut self, f: F) -> Option<B>

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(Self::Item) -> Option<B>,

Applies function to the elements of iterator and returns the first non-none result.

fn try_find<F, R>( &mut self, f: F ) -> <<R as Try>::Residual as Residual<Option<Self::Item>>>::TryType

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(&Self::Item) -> R, R: Try<Output = bool>, <R as Try>::Residual: Residual<Option<Self::Item>>,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (try_find)

Applies function to the elements of iterator and returns the first true result or the first error.

fn position<P>(&mut self, predicate: P) -> Option<usize>

where Self: Sized, P: FnMut(Self::Item) -> bool,

Searches for an element in an iterator, returning its index.

fn max_by_key<B, F>(self, f: F) -> Option<Self::Item>

where B: Ord, Self: Sized, F: FnMut(&Self::Item) -> B,

Returns the element that gives the maximum value from the specified function.

fn max_by<F>(self, compare: F) -> Option<Self::Item>

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(&Self::Item, &Self::Item) -> Ordering,

Returns the element that gives the maximum value with respect to the specified comparison function.

fn min_by_key<B, F>(self, f: F) -> Option<Self::Item>

where B: Ord, Self: Sized, F: FnMut(&Self::Item) -> B,

Returns the element that gives the minimum value from the specified function.

fn min_by<F>(self, compare: F) -> Option<Self::Item>

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(&Self::Item, &Self::Item) -> Ordering,

Returns the element that gives the minimum value with respect to the specified comparison function.

fn unzip<A, B, FromA, FromB>(self) -> (FromA, FromB)

where FromA: Default + Extend<A>, FromB: Default + Extend<B>, Self: Sized + Iterator<Item = (A, B)>,

Converts an iterator of pairs into a pair of containers.

fn copied<'a, T>(self) -> Copied<Self>

where T: 'a + Copy, Self: Sized + Iterator<Item = &'a T>,

Creates an iterator which copies all of its elements.

fn cloned<'a, T>(self) -> Cloned<Self>

where T: 'a + Clone, Self: Sized + Iterator<Item = &'a T>,

Creates an iterator which clones all of its elements.

fn array_chunks<const N: usize>(self) -> ArrayChunks<Self, N>

where Self: Sized,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (iter_array_chunks)

Returns an iterator over N elements of the iterator at a time.

fn sum<S>(self) -> S

where Self: Sized, S: Sum<Self::Item>,

Sums the elements of an iterator.

fn product<P>(self) -> P

where Self: Sized, P: Product<Self::Item>,

Iterates over the entire iterator, multiplying all the elements

fn cmp_by<I, F>(self, other: I, cmp: F) -> Ordering

where Self: Sized, I: IntoIterator, F: FnMut(Self::Item, <I as IntoIterator>::Item) -> Ordering,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (iter_order_by)

Lexicographically compares the elements of this Iterator with those of another with respect to the specified comparison function.

fn partial_cmp<I>(self, other: I) -> Option<Ordering>

where I: IntoIterator, Self::Item: PartialOrd<<I as IntoIterator>::Item>, Self: Sized,

Lexicographically compares the PartialOrd elements of this Iterator with those of another. The comparison works like short-circuit evaluation, returning a result without comparing the remaining elements. As soon as an order can be determined, the evaluation stops and a result is returned.

fn partial_cmp_by<I, F>(self, other: I, partial_cmp: F) -> Option<Ordering>

where Self: Sized, I: IntoIterator, F: FnMut(Self::Item, <I as IntoIterator>::Item) -> Option<Ordering>,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (iter_order_by)

Lexicographically compares the elements of this Iterator with those of another with respect to the specified comparison function.

fn eq<I>(self, other: I) -> bool

where I: IntoIterator, Self::Item: PartialEq<<I as IntoIterator>::Item>, Self: Sized,

Determines if the elements of this Iterator are equal to those of another.

fn eq_by<I, F>(self, other: I, eq: F) -> bool

where Self: Sized, I: IntoIterator, F: FnMut(Self::Item, <I as IntoIterator>::Item) -> bool,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (iter_order_by)

Determines if the elements of this Iterator are equal to those of another with respect to the specified equality function.

fn ne<I>(self, other: I) -> bool

where I: IntoIterator, Self::Item: PartialEq<<I as IntoIterator>::Item>, Self: Sized,

Determines if the elements of this Iterator are not equal to those of another.

fn lt<I>(self, other: I) -> bool

where I: IntoIterator, Self::Item: PartialOrd<<I as IntoIterator>::Item>, Self: Sized,

Determines if the elements of this Iterator are lexicographically less than those of another.

fn le<I>(self, other: I) -> bool

where I: IntoIterator, Self::Item: PartialOrd<<I as IntoIterator>::Item>, Self: Sized,

Determines if the elements of this Iterator are lexicographically less or equal to those of another.

fn gt<I>(self, other: I) -> bool

where I: IntoIterator, Self::Item: PartialOrd<<I as IntoIterator>::Item>, Self: Sized,

Determines if the elements of this Iterator are lexicographically greater than those of another.

fn ge<I>(self, other: I) -> bool

where I: IntoIterator, Self::Item: PartialOrd<<I as IntoIterator>::Item>, Self: Sized,

Determines if the elements of this Iterator are lexicographically greater than or equal to those of another.

fn is_sorted_by<F>(self, compare: F) -> bool

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(&Self::Item, &Self::Item) -> bool,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (is_sorted)

Checks if the elements of this iterator are sorted using the given comparator function.

fn is_sorted_by_key<F, K>(self, f: F) -> bool

where Self: Sized, F: FnMut(Self::Item) -> K, K: PartialOrd,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (is_sorted)

Checks if the elements of this iterator are sorted using the given key extraction function.

impl<Args, F, A> Fn<Args> for Box<F, A>

where Args: Tuple, F: Fn<Args> + ?Sized, A: Allocator,

extern "rust-call" fn call( &self, args: Args ) -> <Box<F, A> as FnOnce<Args>>::Output

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (fn_traits)

Performs the call operation.

impl<Args, F, A> FnOnce<Args> for Box<F, A>

where Args: Tuple, F: FnOnce<Args> + ?Sized, A: Allocator,

type Output = <F as FnOnce<Args>>::Output

The returned type after the call operator is used.

extern "rust-call" fn call_once( self, args: Args ) -> <Box<F, A> as FnOnce<Args>>::Output

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (fn_traits)

Performs the call operation.

impl<T> Default for Box<T>

where T: Default,

fn default() -> Box<T>

Creates a Box<T>, with the Default value for T.

impl<T> Default for Box<[T]>

fn default() -> Box<[T]>

Returns the “default value” for a type.

impl<T, A> Hasher for Box<T, A>

where T: Hasher + ?Sized, A: Allocator,

fn finish(&self) -> u64

Returns the hash value for the values written so far.

fn write(&mut self, bytes: &[u8])

Writes some data into this Hasher.

fn write_u8(&mut self, i: u8)

Writes a single u8 into this hasher.

fn write_u16(&mut self, i: u16)

Writes a single u16 into this hasher.

fn write_u32(&mut self, i: u32)

Writes a single u32 into this hasher.

fn write_u64(&mut self, i: u64)

Writes a single u64 into this hasher.

fn write_u128(&mut self, i: u128)

Writes a single u128 into this hasher.

fn write_usize(&mut self, i: usize)

Writes a single usize into this hasher.

fn write_i8(&mut self, i: i8)

Writes a single i8 into this hasher.

fn write_i16(&mut self, i: i16)

Writes a single i16 into this hasher.

fn write_i32(&mut self, i: i32)

Writes a single i32 into this hasher.

fn write_i64(&mut self, i: i64)

Writes a single i64 into this hasher.

fn write_i128(&mut self, i: i128)

Writes a single i128 into this hasher.

fn write_isize(&mut self, i: isize)

Writes a single isize into this hasher.

fn write_length_prefix(&mut self, len: usize)

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (hasher_prefixfree_extras)

Writes a length prefix into this hasher, as part of being prefix-free.

fn write_str(&mut self, s: &str)

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (hasher_prefixfree_extras)

Writes a single str into this hasher.

impl<T, A> Borrow<T> for Box<T, A>

where A: Allocator, T: ?Sized,

fn borrow(&self) -> &T

Immutably borrows from an owned value.

impl<T, A> PartialEq for Box<T, A>

where T: PartialEq + ?Sized, A: Allocator,

fn eq(&self, other: &Box<T, A>) -> bool

This method tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.

fn ne(&self, other: &Box<T, A>) -> bool

This method tests for !=. The default implementation is almost always sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.

impl<I, A> ExactSizeIterator for Box<I, A>

where I: ExactSizeIterator + ?Sized, A: Allocator,

fn len(&self) -> usize

Returns the exact remaining length of the iterator.

fn is_empty(&self) -> bool

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (exact_size_is_empty)

Returns true if the iterator is empty.

impl<T, A> DerefMut for Box<T, A>

where A: Allocator, T: ?Sized,

fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut T

Mutably dereferences the value.

impl<F, A> Future for Box<F, A>

where F: Future + Unpin + ?Sized, A: Allocator + 'static,

type Output = <F as Future>::Output

The type of value produced on completion.

fn poll( self: Pin<&mut Box<F, A>>, cx: &mut Context<'_> ) -> Poll<<Box<F, A> as Future>::Output>

Attempt to resolve the future to a final value, registering the current task for wakeup if the value is not yet available.

impl<T, A> Pointer for Box<T, A>

where A: Allocator, T: ?Sized,

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl<T, A> AsRef<T> for Box<T, A>

where A: Allocator, T: ?Sized,

fn as_ref(&self) -> &T

Converts this type into a shared reference of the (usually inferred) input type.

impl<T, U> DispatchFromDyn<Box<U>> for Box<T>

where T: Unsize<U> + ?Sized, U: ?Sized,

impl<T, A> Hash for Box<T, A>

where T: Hash + ?Sized, A: Allocator,

fn hash<H>(&self, state: &mut H)

where H: Hasher,

Feeds this value into the given Hasher.

fn hash_slice<H>(data: &[Self], state: &mut H)

where H: Hasher, Self: Sized,

Feeds a slice of this type into the given Hasher.

impl<T, U, A> CoerceUnsized<Box<U, A>> for Box<T, A>

where T: Unsize<U> + ?Sized, A: Allocator, U: ?Sized,

impl<'de, T> Deserialize<'de> for Box<T>

where T: Deserialize<'de>,

fn deserialize<D>( deserializer: D ) -> Result<Box<T>, <D as Deserializer<'de>>::Error>

where D: Deserializer<'de>,

Deserialize this value from the given Serde deserializer.

impl<'de, T> Deserialize<'de> for Box<[T]>

where T: Deserialize<'de>,

fn deserialize<D>( deserializer: D ) -> Result<Box<[T]>, <D as Deserializer<'de>>::Error>

where D: Deserializer<'de>,

Deserialize this value from the given Serde deserializer.

impl<T> Serialize for Box<T>

where T: Serialize + ?Sized,

fn serialize<S>( &self, serializer: S ) -> Result<<S as Serializer>::Ok, <S as Serializer>::Error>

where S: Serializer,

Serialize this value into the given Serde serializer.

impl<T> Log for Box<T>

where T: Log + ?Sized,

fn enabled(&self, metadata: &Metadata<'_>) -> bool

Determines if a log message with the specified metadata would be logged.

fn log(&self, record: &Record<'_>)

Logs the Record.

fn flush(&self)

Flushes any buffered records.

impl<Z> Zeroize for Box<[Z]>

where Z: Zeroize,

fn zeroize(&mut self)

Unlike Vec, Box<[Z]> cannot reallocate, so we can be sure that we are not leaving values on the heap.

impl<Z> ZeroizeOnDrop for Box<[Z]>

where Z: ZeroizeOnDrop,

impl<S> Stream for Box<S>

where S: Stream + Unpin + ?Sized,

type Item = <S as Stream>::Item

Values yielded by the stream.

fn poll_next( self: Pin<&mut Box<S>>, cx: &mut Context<'_> ) -> Poll<Option<<Box<S> as Stream>::Item>>

Attempt to pull out the next value of this stream, registering the current task for wakeup if the value is not yet available, and returning None if the stream is exhausted.

fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>)

Returns the bounds on the remaining length of the stream.

impl<F> FusedFuture for Box<F>

where F: FusedFuture + Unpin + ?Sized,

fn is_terminated(&self) -> bool

Returns true if the underlying future should no longer be polled.

impl<S> FusedStream for Box<S>

where S: FusedStream + Unpin + ?Sized,

fn is_terminated(&self) -> bool

Returns true if the stream should no longer be polled.

impl<Sp> Spawn for Box<Sp>

where Sp: Spawn + ?Sized,

fn spawn_obj(&self, future: FutureObj<'static, ()>) -> Result<(), SpawnError>

Spawns a future that will be run to completion.

fn status(&self) -> Result<(), SpawnError>

Determines whether the executor is able to spawn new tasks.

impl<Sp> LocalSpawn for Box<Sp>

where Sp: LocalSpawn + ?Sized,

fn spawn_local_obj( &self, future: LocalFutureObj<'static, ()> ) -> Result<(), SpawnError>

Spawns a future that will be run to completion.

fn status_local(&self) -> Result<(), SpawnError>

Determines whether the executor is able to spawn new tasks.

impl<'a, T, F> UnsafeFutureObj<'a, T> for Box<F>

where F: Future<Output = T> + 'a,

fn into_raw(self) -> *mut dyn Future<Output = T> + 'a

Convert an owned instance into a (conceptually owned) fat pointer.

unsafe fn drop(ptr: *mut dyn Future<Output = T> + 'a)

Drops the future represented by the given fat pointer.

impl<S, Item> Sink<Item> for Box<S>

where S: Sink<Item> + Unpin + ?Sized,

type Error = <S as Sink<Item>>::Error

The type of value produced by the sink when an error occurs.

fn poll_ready( self: Pin<&mut Box<S>>, cx: &mut Context<'_> ) -> Poll<Result<(), <Box<S> as Sink<Item>>::Error>>

Attempts to prepare the Sink to receive a value.

fn start_send( self: Pin<&mut Box<S>>, item: Item ) -> Result<(), <Box<S> as Sink<Item>>::Error>

Begin the process of sending a value to the sink. Each call to this function must be preceded by a successful call to poll_ready which returned Poll::Ready(Ok(())).

fn poll_flush( self: Pin<&mut Box<S>>, cx: &mut Context<'_> ) -> Poll<Result<(), <Box<S> as Sink<Item>>::Error>>

Flush any remaining output from this sink.

fn poll_close( self: Pin<&mut Box<S>>, cx: &mut Context<'_> ) -> Poll<Result<(), <Box<S> as Sink<Item>>::Error>>

Flush any remaining output and close this sink, if necessary.

impl<T> AsyncWrite for Box<T>

where T: AsyncWrite + Unpin + ?Sized,

fn poll_write( self: Pin<&mut Box<T>>, cx: &mut Context<'_>, buf: &[u8] ) -> Poll<Result<usize, Error>>

Attempt to write bytes from buf into the object.

fn poll_write_vectored( self: Pin<&mut Box<T>>, cx: &mut Context<'_>, bufs: &[IoSlice<'_>] ) -> Poll<Result<usize, Error>>

Attempt to write bytes from bufs into the object using vectored IO operations.

fn poll_flush( self: Pin<&mut Box<T>>, cx: &mut Context<'_> ) -> Poll<Result<(), Error>>

Attempt to flush the object, ensuring that any buffered data reach their destination.

fn poll_close( self: Pin<&mut Box<T>>, cx: &mut Context<'_> ) -> Poll<Result<(), Error>>

Attempt to close the object.

impl<T> AsyncSeek for Box<T>

where T: AsyncSeek + Unpin + ?Sized,

fn poll_seek( self: Pin<&mut Box<T>>, cx: &mut Context<'_>, pos: SeekFrom ) -> Poll<Result<u64, Error>>

Attempt to seek to an offset, in bytes, in a stream.

impl<T> AsyncRead for Box<T>

where T: AsyncRead + Unpin + ?Sized,

fn poll_read( self: Pin<&mut Box<T>>, cx: &mut Context<'_>, buf: &mut [u8] ) -> Poll<Result<usize, Error>>

Attempt to read from the AsyncRead into buf.

fn poll_read_vectored( self: Pin<&mut Box<T>>, cx: &mut Context<'_>, bufs: &mut [IoSliceMut<'_>] ) -> Poll<Result<usize, Error>>

Attempt to read from the AsyncRead into bufs using vectored IO operations.

impl<T> AsyncBufRead for Box<T>

where T: AsyncBufRead + Unpin + ?Sized,

fn poll_fill_buf( self: Pin<&mut Box<T>>, cx: &mut Context<'_> ) -> Poll<Result<&[u8], Error>>

Attempt to return the contents of the internal buffer, filling it with more data from the inner reader if it is empty.

fn consume(self: Pin<&mut Box<T>>, amt: usize)

Tells this buffer that amt bytes have been consumed from the buffer, so they should no longer be returned in calls to poll_read.

impl<T> AsyncSeek for Box<T>

where T: AsyncSeek + Unpin + ?Sized,

fn start_seek(self: Pin<&mut Box<T>>, pos: SeekFrom) -> Result<(), Error>

Attempts to seek to an offset, in bytes, in a stream.

fn poll_complete( self: Pin<&mut Box<T>>, cx: &mut Context<'_> ) -> Poll<Result<u64, Error>>

Waits for a seek operation to complete.

impl<T> AsyncWrite for Box<T>

where T: AsyncWrite + Unpin + ?Sized,

fn poll_write( self: Pin<&mut Box<T>>, cx: &mut Context<'_>, buf: &[u8] ) -> Poll<Result<usize, Error>>

Attempt to write bytes from buf into the object.

fn poll_write_vectored( self: Pin<&mut Box<T>>, cx: &mut Context<'_>, bufs: &[IoSlice<'_>] ) -> Poll<Result<usize, Error>>

Like poll_write, except that it writes from a slice of buffers.

fn is_write_vectored(&self) -> bool

Determines if this writer has an efficient poll_write_vectored implementation.

fn poll_flush( self: Pin<&mut Box<T>>, cx: &mut Context<'_> ) -> Poll<Result<(), Error>>

Attempts to flush the object, ensuring that any buffered data reach their destination.

fn poll_shutdown( self: Pin<&mut Box<T>>, cx: &mut Context<'_> ) -> Poll<Result<(), Error>>

Initiates or attempts to shut down this writer, returning success when the I/O connection has completely shut down.

impl<T> AsyncBufRead for Box<T>

where T: AsyncBufRead + Unpin + ?Sized,

fn poll_fill_buf( self: Pin<&mut Box<T>>, cx: &mut Context<'_> ) -> Poll<Result<&[u8], Error>>

Attempts to return the contents of the internal buffer, filling it with more data from the inner reader if it is empty.

fn consume(self: Pin<&mut Box<T>>, amt: usize)

Tells this buffer that amt bytes have been consumed from the buffer, so they should no longer be returned in calls to poll_read.

impl<T> AsyncRead for Box<T>

where T: AsyncRead + Unpin + ?Sized,

fn poll_read( self: Pin<&mut Box<T>>, cx: &mut Context<'_>, buf: &mut ReadBuf<'_> ) -> Poll<Result<(), Error>>

Attempts to read from the AsyncRead into buf.

impl<T> Source for Box<T>

where T: Source + ?Sized,

fn register( &mut self, registry: &Registry, token: Token, interests: Interest ) -> Result<(), Error>

Register self with the given Registry instance.

fn reregister( &mut self, registry: &Registry, token: Token, interests: Interest ) -> Result<(), Error>

Re-register self with the given Registry instance.

fn deregister(&mut self, registry: &Registry) -> Result<(), Error>

Deregister self from the given Registry instance.

impl<T> Arg for Box<T>

where T: Arg,

const ARG_TYPE: ArgType = T::ARG_TYPE

The corresponding D-Bus argument type code.

fn signature() -> Signature<'static>

The corresponding D-Bus type signature for this type.

impl<T> Append for Box<T>

where T: Append,

fn append_by_ref(&self, i: &mut IterAppend<'_>)

Performs the append operation by borrowing self.

fn append(self, ia: &mut IterAppend<'_>)

where Self: Sized,

Performs the append operation by consuming self.

impl<T> DictKey for Box<T>

where T: DictKey,

impl<T> RefArg for Box<T>

where T: RefArg + ?Sized,

fn arg_type(&self) -> ArgType

The corresponding D-Bus argument type code.

fn signature(&self) -> Signature<'static>

The corresponding D-Bus type signature for this type.

fn append(&self, i: &mut IterAppend<'_>)

Performs the append operation.

fn as_any(&self) -> &(dyn Any + 'static)

where T: 'static,

Transforms this argument to Any (which can be downcasted to read the current value).

fn as_any_mut(&mut self) -> &mut (dyn Any + 'static)

where T: 'static,

Transforms this argument to Any (which can be downcasted to read the current value).

fn as_i64(&self) -> Option<i64>

Try to read the argument as an i64.

fn as_u64(&self) -> Option<u64>

Try to read the argument as an u64.

fn as_f64(&self) -> Option<f64>

Try to read the argument as an f64.

fn as_str(&self) -> Option<&str>

Try to read the argument as a str.

fn as_iter<'a>( &'a self ) -> Option<Box<dyn Iterator<Item = &'a dyn RefArg> + 'a>>

Try to read the argument as an iterator.

fn as_static_inner(&self, index: usize) -> Option<&(dyn RefArg + 'static)>

where Box<T>: 'static,

Try to read the inner of an argument, as another argument, specifying an index.

fn box_clone(&self) -> Box<dyn RefArg>

Deep clone of the RefArg, causing the result to be ’static.

fn array_clone(_arg: &[Self]) -> Option<Box<dyn RefArg>>

where Self: Sized,

Deep clone of an array.

impl<S, F> MakeSignal<Box<dyn FnMut(Message, &LocalConnection) -> bool>, S, LocalConnection> for F

where S: ReadAll, F: FnMut(S, &LocalConnection, &Message) -> bool + 'static,

fn make(self, mstr: String) -> Box<dyn FnMut(Message, &LocalConnection) -> bool>

Internal helper trait

impl<S, F> MakeSignal<Box<dyn FnMut(Message, &SyncConnection) -> bool + Send + Sync>, S, SyncConnection> for F

where S: ReadAll, F: FnMut(S, &SyncConnection, &Message) -> bool + Send + Sync + 'static,

fn make( self, mstr: String ) -> Box<dyn FnMut(Message, &SyncConnection) -> bool + Send + Sync>

Internal helper trait

impl<S, F> MakeSignal<Box<dyn FnMut(Message, &Connection) -> bool + Send>, S, Connection> for F

where S: ReadAll, F: FnMut(S, &Connection, &Message) -> bool + Send + 'static,

fn make( self, mstr: String ) -> Box<dyn FnMut(Message, &Connection) -> bool + Send>

Internal helper trait

impl<'a, T> Get<'a> for Box<T>

where T: Get<'a>,

fn get(i: &mut Iter<'a>) -> Option<Box<T>>

Performs the get operation.

impl<R> CryptoRng for Box<R>

where R: CryptoRng + ?Sized,

impl<R> RngCore for Box<R>

where R: RngCore + ?Sized,

fn next_u32(&mut self) -> u32

Return the next random u32.

fn next_u64(&mut self) -> u64

Return the next random u64.

fn fill_bytes(&mut self, dest: &mut [u8])

Fill dest with random data.

fn try_fill_bytes(&mut self, dest: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), Error>

Fill dest entirely with random data.

impl<T> Buf for Box<T>

where T: Buf + ?Sized,

fn remaining(&self) -> usize

Returns the number of bytes between the current position and the end of the buffer.

fn chunk(&self) -> &[u8]

Returns a slice starting at the current position and of length between 0 and Buf::remaining(). Note that this can return shorter slice (this allows non-continuous internal representation).

fn chunks_vectored<'b>(&'b self, dst: &mut [IoSlice<'b>]) -> usize

Fills dst with potentially multiple slices starting at self’s current position.

fn advance(&mut self, cnt: usize)

Advance the internal cursor of the Buf

fn has_remaining(&self) -> bool

Returns true if there are any more bytes to consume

fn copy_to_slice(&mut self, dst: &mut [u8])

Copies bytes from self into dst.

fn get_u8(&mut self) -> u8

Gets an unsigned 8 bit integer from self.

fn get_i8(&mut self) -> i8

Gets a signed 8 bit integer from self.

fn get_u16(&mut self) -> u16

Gets an unsigned 16 bit integer from self in big-endian byte order.

fn get_u16_le(&mut self) -> u16

Gets an unsigned 16 bit integer from self in little-endian byte order.

fn get_i16(&mut self) -> i16

Gets a signed 16 bit integer from self in big-endian byte order.

fn get_i16_le(&mut self) -> i16

Gets a signed 16 bit integer from self in little-endian byte order.

fn get_u32(&mut self) -> u32

Gets an unsigned 32 bit integer from self in the big-endian byte order.

fn get_u32_le(&mut self) -> u32

Gets an unsigned 32 bit integer from self in the little-endian byte order.

fn get_i32(&mut self) -> i32

Gets a signed 32 bit integer from self in big-endian byte order.

fn get_i32_le(&mut self) -> i32

Gets a signed 32 bit integer from self in little-endian byte order.

fn get_u64(&mut self) -> u64

Gets an unsigned 64 bit integer from self in big-endian byte order.

fn get_u64_le(&mut self) -> u64

Gets an unsigned 64 bit integer from self in little-endian byte order.

fn get_i64(&mut self) -> i64

Gets a signed 64 bit integer from self in big-endian byte order.

fn get_i64_le(&mut self) -> i64

Gets a signed 64 bit integer from self in little-endian byte order.

fn get_uint(&mut self, nbytes: usize) -> u64

Gets an unsigned n-byte integer from self in big-endian byte order.

fn get_uint_le(&mut self, nbytes: usize) -> u64

Gets an unsigned n-byte integer from self in little-endian byte order.

fn get_int(&mut self, nbytes: usize) -> i64

Gets a signed n-byte integer from self in big-endian byte order.

fn get_int_le(&mut self, nbytes: usize) -> i64

Gets a signed n-byte integer from self in little-endian byte order.

fn copy_to_bytes(&mut self, len: usize) -> Bytes

Consumes len bytes inside self and returns new instance of Bytes with this data.

fn get_u128(&mut self) -> u128

Gets an unsigned 128 bit integer from self in big-endian byte order.

fn get_u128_le(&mut self) -> u128

Gets an unsigned 128 bit integer from self in little-endian byte order.

fn get_i128(&mut self) -> i128

Gets a signed 128 bit integer from self in big-endian byte order.

fn get_i128_le(&mut self) -> i128

Gets a signed 128 bit integer from self in little-endian byte order.

fn get_f32(&mut self) -> f32

Gets an IEEE754 single-precision (4 bytes) floating point number from self in big-endian byte order.

fn get_f32_le(&mut self) -> f32

Gets an IEEE754 single-precision (4 bytes) floating point number from self in little-endian byte order.

fn get_f64(&mut self) -> f64

Gets an IEEE754 double-precision (8 bytes) floating point number from self in big-endian byte order.

fn get_f64_le(&mut self) -> f64

Gets an IEEE754 double-precision (8 bytes) floating point number from self in little-endian byte order.

fn take(self, limit: usize) -> Take<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Creates an adaptor which will read at most limit bytes from self.

fn chain<U>(self, next: U) -> Chain<Self, U>

where U: Buf, Self: Sized,

Creates an adaptor which will chain this buffer with another.

fn reader(self) -> Reader<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Creates an adaptor which implements the Read trait for self.

impl<T> BufMut for Box<T>

where T: BufMut + ?Sized,

fn remaining_mut(&self) -> usize

Returns the number of bytes that can be written from the current position until the end of the buffer is reached.

fn chunk_mut(&mut self) -> &mut UninitSlice

Returns a mutable slice starting at the current BufMut position and of length between 0 and BufMut::remaining_mut(). Note that this can be shorter than the whole remainder of the buffer (this allows non-continuous implementation).

unsafe fn advance_mut(&mut self, cnt: usize)

Advance the internal cursor of the BufMut

fn put_slice(&mut self, src: &[u8])

Transfer bytes into self from src and advance the cursor by the number of bytes written.

fn put_u8(&mut self, n: u8)

Writes an unsigned 8 bit integer to self.

fn put_i8(&mut self, n: i8)

Writes a signed 8 bit integer to self.

fn put_u16(&mut self, n: u16)

Writes an unsigned 16 bit integer to self in big-endian byte order.

fn put_u16_le(&mut self, n: u16)

Writes an unsigned 16 bit integer to self in little-endian byte order.

fn put_i16(&mut self, n: i16)

Writes a signed 16 bit integer to self in big-endian byte order.

fn put_i16_le(&mut self, n: i16)

Writes a signed 16 bit integer to self in little-endian byte order.

fn put_u32(&mut self, n: u32)

Writes an unsigned 32 bit integer to self in big-endian byte order.

fn put_u32_le(&mut self, n: u32)

Writes an unsigned 32 bit integer to self in little-endian byte order.

fn put_i32(&mut self, n: i32)

Writes a signed 32 bit integer to self in big-endian byte order.

fn put_i32_le(&mut self, n: i32)

Writes a signed 32 bit integer to self in little-endian byte order.

fn put_u64(&mut self, n: u64)

Writes an unsigned 64 bit integer to self in the big-endian byte order.

fn put_u64_le(&mut self, n: u64)

Writes an unsigned 64 bit integer to self in little-endian byte order.

fn put_i64(&mut self, n: i64)

Writes a signed 64 bit integer to self in the big-endian byte order.

fn put_i64_le(&mut self, n: i64)

Writes a signed 64 bit integer to self in little-endian byte order.

fn has_remaining_mut(&self) -> bool

Returns true if there is space in self for more bytes.

fn put<T>(&mut self, src: T)

where T: Buf, Self: Sized,

Transfer bytes into self from src and advance the cursor by the number of bytes written.

fn put_bytes(&mut self, val: u8, cnt: usize)

Put cnt bytes val into self.

fn put_u128(&mut self, n: u128)

Writes an unsigned 128 bit integer to self in the big-endian byte order.

fn put_u128_le(&mut self, n: u128)

Writes an unsigned 128 bit integer to self in little-endian byte order.

fn put_i128(&mut self, n: i128)

Writes a signed 128 bit integer to self in the big-endian byte order.

fn put_i128_le(&mut self, n: i128)

Writes a signed 128 bit integer to self in little-endian byte order.

fn put_uint(&mut self, n: u64, nbytes: usize)

Writes an unsigned n-byte integer to self in big-endian byte order.

fn put_uint_le(&mut self, n: u64, nbytes: usize)

Writes an unsigned n-byte integer to self in the little-endian byte order.

fn put_int(&mut self, n: i64, nbytes: usize)

Writes low nbytes of a signed integer to self in big-endian byte order.

fn put_int_le(&mut self, n: i64, nbytes: usize)

Writes low nbytes of a signed integer to self in little-endian byte order.

fn put_f32(&mut self, n: f32)

Writes an IEEE754 single-precision (4 bytes) floating point number to self in big-endian byte order.

fn put_f32_le(&mut self, n: f32)

Writes an IEEE754 single-precision (4 bytes) floating point number to self in little-endian byte order.

fn put_f64(&mut self, n: f64)

Writes an IEEE754 double-precision (8 bytes) floating point number to self in big-endian byte order.

fn put_f64_le(&mut self, n: f64)

Writes an IEEE754 double-precision (8 bytes) floating point number to self in little-endian byte order.

fn limit(self, limit: usize) -> Limit<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Creates an adaptor which can write at most limit bytes to self.

fn writer(self) -> Writer<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Creates an adaptor which implements the Write trait for self.

fn chain_mut<U>(self, next: U) -> Chain<Self, U>

where U: BufMut, Self: Sized,

Creates an adapter which will chain this buffer with another.

impl<P> HandlesProvider for Box<P>

where P: HandlesProvider,

HandleProviders on the heap are HandleProviders too.

type HandleType = <P as HandlesProvider>::HandleType

fn get_handles( &self, waker: &Arc<Waker> ) -> Option<<Box<P> as HandlesProvider>::HandleType>

Request a set of handles. Returns None if no handle is currently available. If that is the case, waker will be signaled when handles are available again.

fn get_suitable_buffer_for<'a, Q>( &self, handles: &<Box<P> as HandlesProvider>::HandleType, queue: &'a Q ) -> Result<<Q as CaptureQueueableProvider<'a, <Box<P> as HandlesProvider>::HandleType>>::Queueable, GetSuitableBufferError>

where Q: GetCaptureBufferByIndex<'a, <Box<P> as HandlesProvider>::HandleType> + GetFreeCaptureBuffer<'a, <Box<P> as HandlesProvider>::HandleType>,

impl<T: PciDevice + ?Sized> Suspendable for Box<T>

fn snapshot(&mut self) -> Result<AnySnapshot>

Save the device state in an image that can be restored.

fn restore(&mut self, data: AnySnapshot) -> Result<()>

Load a saved snapshot of an image.

fn sleep(&mut self) -> Result<()>

Stop all threads related to the device. Sleep should be idempotent.

fn wake(&mut self) -> Result<()>

Create/Resume all threads related to the device. Wake should be idempotent.

impl<T: HotPluggable + ?Sized> HotPluggable for Box<T>

fn set_pci_address( &mut self, pci_addr: PciAddress ) -> Result<(), PciDeviceError>

Sets PciAddress to pci_addr. Replaces allocate_address.

fn configure_io_bars(&mut self) -> Result<(), PciDeviceError>

Configures IO BAR layout without memory alloc. Replaces allocate_io_bars.

fn configure_device_bars(&mut self) -> Result<(), PciDeviceError>

Configure device BAR layout without memory alloc. Replaces allocate_device_bars.

impl<S> DecoderBackend for Box<S>

where S: ?Sized + DecoderBackend,

type Session = <S as DecoderBackend>::Session

fn get_capabilities(&self) -> Capability

Return the decoding capabilities for this backend instance.

fn new_session(&mut self, format: Format) -> Result<Self::Session, VideoError>

Create a new decoding session for the passed format.

fn into_trait_object( self ) -> Box<dyn DecoderBackend<Session = Box<dyn DecoderSession>>>

where Self: Sized + 'static,

Turn this backend into a trait object, allowing the same decoder to operate on a set of different backends.

impl<T: PciDevice + ?Sized> PciDevice for Box<T>

fn debug_label(&self) -> String

Returns a label suitable for debug output.

fn on_device_sandboxed(&mut self)

Invoked when the device is sandboxed.

fn preferred_address(&self) -> Option<PciAddress>

Preferred PCI address for this device, if any.

fn allocate_address( &mut self, resources: &mut SystemAllocator ) -> Result<PciAddress, Error>

Allocate and return an unique bus, device and function number for this device. May be called multiple times; on subsequent calls, the device should return the same address it returned from the first call.

fn keep_rds(&self) -> Vec<RawDescriptor>

A vector of device-specific file descriptors that must be kept open after jailing. Must be called before the process is jailed.

fn preferred_irq(&self) -> PreferredIrq

Preferred IRQ for this device. The device may request a specific pin and IRQ number by returning a Fixed value. If a device does not support INTx# interrupts at all, it should return None. Otherwise, an appropriate IRQ will be allocated automatically. The device’s assign_irq function will be called with its assigned IRQ either way.

fn assign_irq( &mut self, irq_evt: IrqLevelEvent, pin: PciInterruptPin, irq_num: u32 )

Assign a legacy PCI IRQ to this device. The device may write to irq_evt to trigger an interrupt. When irq_resample_evt is signaled, the device should re-assert irq_evt if necessary.

fn allocate_io_bars( &mut self, resources: &mut SystemAllocator ) -> Result<Vec<BarRange>, Error>

Allocates the needed IO BAR space using the allocate function which takes a size and returns an address. Returns a Vec of BarRange{addr, size, prefetchable}.

fn allocate_device_bars( &mut self, resources: &mut SystemAllocator ) -> Result<Vec<BarRange>, Error>

Allocates the needed device BAR space. Returns a Vec of BarRange{addr, size, prefetchable}. Unlike MMIO BARs (see allocate_io_bars), device BARs are not expected to incur VM exits

fn get_bar_configuration(&self, bar_num: usize) -> Option<PciBarConfiguration>

Returns the configuration of a base address register, if present.

fn register_device_capabilities(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error>

Register any capabilties specified by the device.

fn read_virtual_config_register(&self, reg_idx: usize) -> u32

Reads from a virtual config register.

fn write_virtual_config_register(&mut self, reg_idx: usize, value: u32)

Writes to a virtual config register.

fn get_vm_memory_client(&self) -> Option<&VmMemoryClient>

Gets a reference to the API client for sending VmMemoryRequest. Any devices that uses ioevents must provide this.

fn read_config_register(&self, reg_idx: usize) -> u32

Reads from a PCI configuration register.

fn write_config_register(&mut self, reg_idx: usize, offset: u64, data: &[u8])

Writes to a PCI configuration register.

fn setup_pci_config_mapping( &mut self, shmem: &SharedMemory, base: usize, len: usize ) -> Result<bool, Error>

Provides a memory region to back MMIO access to the configuration space. If the device can keep the memory region up to date, then it should return Ok(true), after which no more calls to read_config_register will be made. If support isn’t implemented, it should return Ok(false). Otherwise, it should return an error (a failure here is not treated as a fatal setup error).

fn read_bar(&mut self, bar_index: PciBarIndex, offset: u64, data: &mut [u8])

Reads from a BAR region mapped in to the device.

fn write_bar(&mut self, bar_index: PciBarIndex, offset: u64, data: &[u8])

Writes to a BAR region mapped in to the device.

fn generate_acpi(&mut self, sdts: Vec<SDT>) -> Option<Vec<SDT>>

fn generate_acpi_methods(&mut self) -> (Vec<u8>, Option<(u32, MemoryMapping)>)

Construct customized acpi method, and return the AML code and shared memory

fn set_gpe(&mut self, resources: &mut SystemAllocator) -> Option<u32>

fn destroy_device(&mut self)

Invoked when the device is destroyed

fn get_new_pci_bus(&self) -> Option<Arc<Mutex<PciBus>>>

Get the pci bus generated by this pci device

fn get_removed_children_devices(&self) -> Vec<PciAddress>

Get the removed children devices under pci bridge

fn configure_bridge_window( &mut self, resources: &mut SystemAllocator, bar_ranges: &[BarRange] ) -> Result<Vec<BarRange>, Error>

if device is a pci brdige, configure pci bridge window

fn set_subordinate_bus(&mut self, _bus_no: u8)

if device is a pci bridge, configure subordinate bus number

fn supports_iommu(&self) -> bool

Indicates whether the device supports IOMMU

fn set_iommu(&mut self, _iommu: IpcMemoryMapper) -> Result<()>

Sets the IOMMU for the device if supports_iommu()

fn as_virtio_pci_device(&self) -> Option<&VirtioPciDevice>